In the villages along the Sepik River, the freshwater crocodile has long served as the exemplar of traditional democratic principles. The body of the crocodile was a metaphor for the mutual understanding that governed how dialogue and decisions should be undertaken. Consensus decisions and unanimity were essential – after all, the head and tail of the crocodile could not go off in opposite directions.
Papua New Guinea (PNG) is one of the world’s most multicultural states. The Papuan parliament is called the parliament of a thousand tribes. There one can speak English, Tok Pisin or Hiri Motu. About a tenth of the world’s languages are spoken by the country’s just over 7 million residents. Many traditions, languages and interests meet in politics. The political parties are based primarily on clans, and there are strong local and regional power structures. The regions enjoy a considerable degree of autonomy, and the parties are more regional than ideologically based.
Papua New Guinea is one of the countries with the smallest number of women in parliament, and it is often claimed that it is the worst country in the world with respect to violence against women. Despite the country’s many challenges and failings, there is inspiration to be found in local traditions and there are democratic principles to build on.