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1936 |
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ou 18 Weather resistance and almost incalculsble length of service under conditions of hard wear are the obvious reasons why thece parts of the modern home invite the architect to employ tiles there. Possibilities with Terra Cotta and Fäience. Unlimited possibilities confront one when studying tiles and architectural terra cotta; for beauty, weather resistance und length of service they seemingly ...
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ou 18 Weather resistance and almost incalculsble length of service under conditions of hard wear are the obvious reasons why thece parts of the modern home invite the architect to employ tiles there. Possibilities with Terra Cotta and Fäience. Unlimited possibilities confront one when studying tiles and architectural terra cotta; for beauty, weather resistance und length of service they seemingly have no equal. Indeed, so flexible is the design, ond so recdy is the Americon maker to coöpcrate with the architect or decorator who devises c distinctive motif for a elient, that unique creations in interiors worthy of comparison with the finest examples of foreign precedent are now possibles One of the foremost manufacturers 'intho statc, is the Kensas City Terrs Gotta and FEience Company, Kansas City, Missouri. Their product is practically all hond-made, also tailor-mode to fit the pro- jeet for which it is designed by the arehitect, be it a small store front, & swimming pool or a sky-soraper. Filience and terra cotta, being of a highly technical nature, every man employ- ed must be a skilled and semi-skilled workman. Missouri clays aro used and natural gas for firing ware ard heating plant. Their product is extonsivoly used throughout the southwest in Texas, Oklahoma, Arkansas and 28 far north &s Minnesota and Wisconsin. Other tile manufacturers in Missouri aro Winkle Terra Cotta Co., St. Louis, Missouri, and Northwestorn Terra Cotta Co., St. Louis, Missouri. "In Part by-Gcoffrey Bentham." We have been advised the following people handle Decorative Tiles in Missmri and would be gled to have attention called to corrections and additions. Modern Tile & Mantel Co,; 3327 foodland, Kansas City, Missoari. Slater Tile & Mantel Co., 2514 Summit, Kansas City, Missouri. Kansas City Mantel Co., 1008 Oak, Kansas City, Missouri. Graham-Everts Tile ani Flooring Co., 4020 Broadway, Kansas City, Missouri. Calhoun Mantel and Tile Company, 4300 Mill Creek Blvd., Kansas City, Missouri. American Tile and Mantel "Co., Inc., 316 East 5lst, Kensas City, Missouri Kansas City Marble ani Tile Co., 3029 Roanoke Road, Kansas City, Missouri.
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bu o"i ia clays, as the case may be. Faience io tile; encaustic tiles are among those Clays used are domestic clays or i (fä-ylngå) is an example of a hand-made > made by the pressed process. Some til...
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bu o"i ia clays, as the case may be. Faience io tile; encaustic tiles are among those Clays used are domestic clays or i (fä-ylngå) is an example of a hand-made > made by the pressed process. Some tiles are brought to satisfactory color, texture and state of vitrifica- tion by & single firing, This type is allowed to go unglazed, the colors being ob teined by the admixture of certain metallic oxides. But the ungluzed tiles are of two kinds, vitreous and semi-vitreous, since certain mterials cannot be brought to complete vitrification with ome single firing, The little unglazed mosaic tesserae, vitreous or semi-vitreous flint, corrugated, hydraulic and other paving tilos and inlaid or encaustic tilos are the most femiliar examples of unglazed tiles. But the richer and more beautiful materials are the glezed tiles, including the enomels and fäjence. These are produced by first subjecting the dried tilcs to tho extremely high temperature of a "biscuit kiln," then costing the resulting "blscuit" or body with the glazing fluid and finslly putting it through the gloss kiln. The results of thesc processos, if thoy have colored surfaces over white bodies, are called enamels and, if, the coating is colorless, white glazed tiles. These may be of three types of surface; bright, or high-glossed; matt, or entirely devoid of gloss; or dull, a medium between the two. Eggsholl, vellum, orange skin, erocodile skin and crystalline are the pictur- esque names given to some of the surfaces of dull or bright glazed tiles. As to colors, the range seems infinite. Shades of greens, browns, grays, blues, reds and black and toned white besides en infinity of variations of these. With this astonishing variety to choosc from, with the high degree of excell- ence assured by the American maker, with tho qualities of permanence, eleanliness, ease of maintenance, variety of &deptability all added to charneterful beauty, it is not surprising that modern designers of residence and other buildings do not hesitate to adopt tilos freely for works of many different types. The obvious servicesbility of tiles in kitchens, bathrooms, laundrjes, garages and similar service-places, is made uso of more frequently now than ever before. Hotel lobbies, the entrances und corridors of fine office buildings and the morg refined parts of many business establishments have flovr, beam and column ooverings, walls or, indeod, complete interiors of these materials. One of the most splondid examples of intericy uses of tiles in business offices, is the General Offices of tho J.C. Nichols Companics, 310 Ward Farkway, Kansas City, Missouri:---a collection of tiles eathered, one might say, from the four corners of the world. With the recont revival cf interost in Spanish and Italian domestic erchi- tecture, it was perhaps inevitable that patics, cortiles and verandas cf beautiful tile work should appear frequently. " Besides, 'scme of tho more experimental build- era now use oxterior wall-panels, or insets in exterior stucco, or gables, arches, polimonts or cmamontal fricses of colored tilos in connection with architectural serra cotta.
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0us$ 11. Yet, the production of wr floor amd wall tiles exooeds sixty million square feet a year. Undoubtedly the basis for this extraordinary vogue lies in the basic quelities of the tiles--their per...
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0us$ 11. Yet, the production of wr floor amd wall tiles exooeds sixty million square feet a year. Undoubtedly the basis for this extraordinary vogue lies in the basic quelities of the tiles--their permanence, cleanliness end resistance to wear end weather and in the excellent standards of their making and designing maintained by American manufacturers. Also, the trend of Americen architecture has had mich to do with it. For the adaptation of Renaissance and pre-Renaissance period styles has been developed to perfoction. And following the precedent of many of these styles,--the Spanish, or the Itelisn, the early English, the provincial French, or our own "Dateh Colonial,"-= it led unnvoidably to the use of tiles. Agoin, the typical American dwelling-houso of the present is the most senitary structure ever dovised. It was inevitable that white tiled bath rooms, kitehens and laundries shovlå have become stondord in this country eighteen or twenty ycars ogo. But since "at time en appreciation of color has become almost a basic part of the American charac= ter. Made sensitive to color by the clothes she wore, the plays she saw, the acw pictures on her walls, the modern woman could not but shaédar upon stepping from her charmingly considered bedroom into the sufficiently senitary but horribly white bath room. She wanted color there, too-and the American tile-maker was ready to gratify her desire. Meenwhile, our erchitects had acquired an apprecietion of the subtler qualitier of "Character". Perhaps it was because they were so adept in producing correct, but seemingly uninspired adaptations of the antique that they sought means of varying textures, softening lines, modifying the harshness and "slicknces" of mechånical products so thet their orsations might have something of the warmth, the gentleness, the, as it were, human intimaey, of Old World buildings. However, with all the improvements of methods, with all the refincment of materials that has characterized the growth of modern industrial tile-mwaking, & tile remains essentinlly a sleb of fired clay. A namufacturer can control the quality of the clay to a degree, but fire re- teins all the whimsy of the elements. Its action carmot be predicted accuratoly. Each of his products, even in tho most up-te-dste kiln, varios, however slightly, from every other. So tiles cannot be entiroly stondardized. Some part of the an= ciont basic quality of fired clay inheres in overy” one. They heve by their very noture character. j To this fact the American architect has responded, And his client, who half- o-contury ago, wuld have been pleased with "a hard-painted" imitetion of fine tilcs, now has the taste to demsnd, and the wealth to afford tho real thing. Sc hend- wrovght tiles, tiles of unique design, can bo obtained from presont-day American makers, whose collessues nbroad aceredit them with lasdorsnip in the develcpmont of thor product in both its scesthetio and its utilitarinn aspocts.
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