lamms’ collection of glass fragments

The fragment of thick, bubbled glass shows an enamelled and gilded decoration consisting of an inscription written in a tall cursive style outlined in red against a blue background. Two gilded bands, also outlined in red, frame the inscription that can be read as 'izz li-mawlana (glory to our lord). The colours are partly painted one upon the other so that they give information about the working process. First, the gilded script, from which only slight remains are preserved, and the gilded upper and lower border were executed. Then the letters and the framed borders were outlined in red. Finally, the background was painted in blue. The colours were applied cold and fixed by firing at a low temperature. The routinely executed enamelling of this fragment suggests that these kinds of glass bottle were produced in large quantities for everyday use. The fragment of round cross-section might have been part of a glass bottle with a tall neck, like surviving Mamluk glass bottles, with a decoration scheme corresponding to the gold-framed inscription of the fragment. The slightly flaring sides and the rimless opening indicate that it was the upper part of the neck.
In the Mamluk period, enamelled glass, whose technique was developed between the AH 6th and 9th centuries / AD 12th and 15th centuries, was manufactured in Egypt and Syria. Red and blue, in combination with gold, were the most prominent colours.

Source: [https://islamicart.museumwnf.org/database_item.php?id=object;ISL;se;Mus01;12;en&cp]

How date and origin were established:
The use of red for outlines, blue for inscriptions or large areas, and gold for smaller sections became the rule by the middle of the 8th / 14th century.

How Object was obtained:
Gift from the Swedish art historian C. J. Lamm (1902–82) to the National Museum of Fine Arts, Stockholm. The so-called Fustat collection of more than 4,000 fragments of glass was purchased by Lamm in Cairo from the art dealer Ismail Faradj.

How provenance was established:
Enamelled and gilded glass objects are characteristic products of Mamluk glass manufacture in Egypt and Syria.

Source: [https://islamicart.museumwnf.org/database_item.php?id=object;ISL;se;Mus01;12;en&cp]